The Peacekeepers is a 2005 documentary film directed by Paul Cowan, following the United Nations mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the Democratic Republic of Congo between 2002 and 2004. The film portrays the attempts of UN Peacekeepers to avert a crisis similar to Rwanda in 1994. The film mixes footage from the actual conflict with that of UN officials behind the lines, to give a comprehensive portrayal of the conflict.[1][2][3][4]
Set 3 years into the start of the Ituri conflict, the film is an in-depth look into the violent conflicts taking place in the region borne out of the Rwandan genocide, where ethnic tensions, a massive influx of arms, and the formation of warlord-led militias plagued the fragile country of the Democratic Republic of Congo between 1999 and 2003. The events of the documentary start 1 year and 1 day after the events of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center. Then president George W. Bush, leads the 57th UN General Assembly bringing the Ituri conflict to light. During this time, a contingent of Ugandan and Rwandan troops act as security deterrence for the region. UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan, chaired the meeting as he looked to expand on the current UN peacekeeping mission in the region.[5]
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The Congo mission by 2002 was non-military and consisting of unarmed military observers reporting on the conflict, but not actively engaging combatants. Since the 1999 to 2002, the United Nations has spent over $6 million USD to keep the peace in the region, but local warlords still continue to use violence as a means of controlling the population, often resulting in entire villages being massacred. It is during this time that troops from Uganda and Rwanda came into Congo as a means to keep some semblance of order. This fragile peace held together from the 2 countries is successful in keeping the conflict at a low level, but links between the troops and local warlords begin to emerge as UN investigators uncover rumours of collusion in the Ituri region.[6]
The Democratic Republic of Congo itself was borne out of the First Congo War, after the ousting of Mobutu Sésé Seko by the Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo-Zaire(ADFL or ADFLC) in 1997. The instability caused by the First Congo War created the volatile conditions necessary for local warlords vying for control of conflict minerals and as a result, regional power formed from strength of arms and violence. Ethnic tensions between the Lendu and Hema tribes compound an already vulnerable state in Ituri, which started the larger Second Congo War. Much of the conflict can be traced back to conflict minerals that local warlords and militias controlling areas fight over, which are exacerbated by ethnic tensions.
The time when the download ended in ISO 8601 format. May be passed directly to the Date constructor: chrome.downloads.search(, function(items)items.forEach(function(item)if (item.endTime) console.log(new Date(item.endTime))))
Why the download was interrupted. Several kinds of HTTP errors may be grouped under one of the errors beginning with SERVER_. Errors relating to the network begin with NETWORK_, errors relating to the process of writing the file to the file system begin with FILE_, and interruptions initiated by the user begin with USER_.
Estimated time when the download will complete in ISO 8601 format. May be passed directly to the Date constructor: chrome.downloads.search(, function(items)items.forEach(function(item)if (item.estimatedEndTime) console.log(new Date(item.estimatedEndTime))))
Whether the downloaded file still exists. This information may be out of date because Chrome does not automatically watch for file removal. Call search() in order to trigger the check for file existence. When the existence check completes, if the file has been deleted, then an onChanged event will fire. Note that search() does not wait for the existence check to finish before returning, so results from search() may not accurately reflect the file system. Also, search() may be called as often as necessary, but will not check for file existence any more frequently than once every 10 seconds.
The time when the download began in ISO 8601 format. May be passed directly to the Date constructor: chrome.downloads.search(, function(items)items.forEach(function(item)console.log(new Date(item.startTime))))
A file path relative to the Downloads directory to contain the downloaded file, possibly containing subdirectories. Absolute paths, empty paths, and paths containing back-references ".." will cause an error. onDeterminingFilename allows suggesting a filename after the file's MIME type and a tentative filename have been determined.
Prompt the user to accept a dangerous download. Can only be called from a visible context (tab, window, or page/browser action popup). Does not automatically accept dangerous downloads. If the download is accepted, then an onChanged event will fire, otherwise nothing will happen. When all the data is fetched into a temporary file and either the download is not dangerous or the danger has been accepted, then the temporary file is renamed to the target filename, the state changes to 'complete', and onChanged fires.
Download a URL. If the URL uses the HTTP[S] protocol, then the request will include all cookies currently set for its hostname. If both filename and saveAs are specified, then the Save As dialog will be displayed, pre-populated with the specified filename. If the download started successfully, callback will be called with the new DownloadItem's downloadId. If there was an error starting the download, then callback will be called with downloadId=undefined and runtime.lastError will contain a descriptive string. The error strings are not guaranteed to remain backwards compatible between releases. Extensions must not parse it.
Retrieve an icon for the specified download. For new downloads, file icons are available after the onCreated event has been received. The image returned by this function while a download is in progress may be different from the image returned after the download is complete. Icon retrieval is done by querying the underlying operating system or toolkit depending on the platform. The icon that is returned will therefore depend on a number of factors including state of the download, platform, registered file types and visual theme. If a file icon cannot be determined, runtime.lastError will contain an error message.
Open the downloaded file now if the DownloadItem is complete; otherwise returns an error through runtime.lastError. Requires the "downloads.open" permission in addition to the "downloads" permission. An onChanged event will fire when the item is opened for the first time.
Resume a paused download. If the request was successful the download is in progress and unpaused. Otherwise runtime.lastError contains an error message. The request will fail if the download is not active.
Enable or disable the gray shelf at the bottom of every window associated with the current browser profile. The shelf will be disabled as long as at least one extension has disabled it. Enabling the shelf while at least one other extension has disabled it will return an error through runtime.lastError. Requires the "downloads.shelf" permission in addition to the "downloads" permission.
Change the download UI of every window associated with the current browser profile. As long as at least one extension has set UiOptions.enabled to false, the download UI will be hidden. Setting UiOptions.enabled to true while at least one other extension has disabled it will return an error through runtime.lastError. Requires the "downloads.ui" permission in addition to the "downloads" permission.
During the filename determination process, extensions will be given the opportunity to override the target DownloadItem.filename. Each extension may not register more than one listener for this event. Each listener must call suggest exactly once, either synchronously or asynchronously. If the listener calls suggest asynchronously, then it must return true. If the listener neither calls suggest synchronously nor returns true, then suggest will be called automatically. The DownloadItem will not complete until all listeners have called suggest. Listeners may call suggest without any arguments in order to allow the download to use downloadItem.filename for its filename, or pass a suggestion object to suggest in order to override the target filename. If more than one extension overrides the filename, then the last extension installed whose listener passes a suggestion object to suggest wins. In order to avoid confusion regarding which extension will win, users should not install extensions that may conflict. If the download is initiated by download and the target filename is known before the MIME type and tentative filename have been determined, pass filename to download instead.
Some video files are encoded with codecs (DivX, Xvid, 3ivx, and so on) that are not installed by default with Windows or Apple QuickTime. You can download and install additional codecs on your computer. For example, to play DivX-encoded AVI files, download and install the DivX codec.
Important Note: Only download codecs from established, verifiable software publishers. Avoid downloading "codec pack" software. Installing a new codec typically causes some video or audio files to become unreadable. Back up all your files before you begin.
If you experience problems importing or playing files that are all the same format but are from different sources, the problem is likely that a poorly designed codec is installed on your computer. Or, it could be that multiple codecs are installed for the same video format. These situations often cause codec conflicts.
Many digital still-image cameras have "movie" modes that create video files (commonly AVI or QuickTime files). However, these video files generally do not compare favorably to videos that digital camcorders record. Many still-image cameras use lower frame rates and smaller frame sizes than camcorders. 2ff7e9595c
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